Process of speeding chemical reactions



Jan. 1, 1929.

H. B. KIPPER PROCESS 0F SPEEDING CHEMICAL REACTIONS Filed May 14, 1926INVENTOR wlllI-l-I-I-I- l-I-Illlll BYl A ORNEY LST 4&5

Patented Jan. l, 1929.

.uNrryso srarss maia-ae HERMAN B. Kieran, or Musfxaeorr, MICHIGAN.

PRDCESS 01E SPEEDING CHEMICAL REACTIONS.

Application led May 14, 1926. Serial No..109,1|49.

Thepresent invention relates to the maniufacture of sodium sulphate andhydrochloric acid from sulphu'ric acid and salt,

" dam, whic or fused nitre cake and salt and has orits object to providea process and apparatus whereby lthe speed of chemical reaction loetweensulphuric acid and salt or nitre cake and salt will be greatly increasedto enhance the commercial value of Ithe process and .whereby caking ofthe materialin the converter will be moreI effectively prevented thanwith the other hitherto known processes of the same kind.

To accomplish my object I utilize an apparatus .constructedsubstantially as shown and described in. my U. S. Letters Patent No.1,512,226, but in which the Scrapers, instead of revolving with the highspeed )of the grinding or beating hammers, are. moved at a greatlreduced speed. I also provide a will hold back the reaction ma-v terialsbefore they pass out from the converter asa result of which they aresub-i jected to the action of the beating hammers for a longerperiod. 4

To make my invention more clear the apparatus used for carrying out theprocess is more or less diagrammatically illustrated in the accompanyingdrawing in which similar reference characters denotecorresponding'parts. v

The well linown reactions involvedl in this process are i The suitablypreheated sulphuric acid and l salt or ground or fused nitre cakeandsalt t mounted on and revolve with the shaft 14- are fed into thereaction cylinder or conthat extends through the cylinder and is driven`from a suitable source of power by' pulley Pand belt B or in any othersuitable manner. As in said application the shaft 14 is hollow to form apassage 'for water or other cooling medium and is externally isolated asat 15. In this construction the heads 11 of' the cylinder l0 are fixedto the latter.

Rotatively mounted on the shaft 14 near each end thereof are sleeves 19with disks 20 to the periphery of which are `fixed a plurality ofbevelled bars y12 extending longitudinally of andx1 close to the innerface of the cylinder. These bars 12 serve as Scrapers and are adaptedto. prevent caking. A shaft 24 which is driven with greatly reducedspeed from the shaft 14 by suitable means transmits motion by. sprocketchains and gears 21, 23 and 22 to the sleeves 19 so that the Scrapers 12will revolve concentrically with the hammers 16 but with relatively lowspeed and thereby more effectively keep the cylinder wall free fromincrustation. 'Ihe Scrapers have suitably attached to them at the rearof and near the exit c1 of the cylinder a rim or flange 13 which servesas a dam adapted to retard the exitof the'reaction material prior .totheir passing'into the discharge c1 of the cylinder. .While thereaction'materials are thus retarded by the slow moving dam, they aresubjected to a finalv and effective beating action of the rapidlyrevolving metal hammers 16, whereby the conversion efficiency of 'theapparatus is greatly enhanced.

The material v leaving the apparatusthrough the passage c1 may ifnecessary be carried either through a dust or separation chamber 24having a passage 241 or directly into a second converter (not shown)-identically of the same ,construction as the one described, in whichthey are treated once more in the same manner.

In my 'experiments with the process I have lu sed metal pajts ofdi'erent shapes but have described and shown only those most advatageous. I do not wish, however, to restrict I1Inyself to any of thedetails shown and described, since various modifications may be madewithoutdeparting'from the vprinciple of my invention.

During the passage of the materialJ through my converter I' have spoken'generally ofV its grinding action or effect. The term might-be said tohave been employed relatively. Thusmixing and grinding may merge intoone another as day into night. If the raw materials are ground veryfine, say toa 300 mesh size, they leave the converter somewhat coarser.On the' other hand if they enter the converter sayat a 20 mesh f of thefinished product.

the apparatus is increased with increase of.

1 '.1. In the phate and size they leave it in a much finer state. Ag-lgregation and grindingare both continually takingplace. Again the speedat which the rapidly moving metal parts travel (I use generall :from ahalf a mile to a mile a minute) argely determines the fineness Theefficiency of speed of the rapidly moving parts Within such limit as aremechanically practical. `What I claim is:

process of producing sodium sulydrochloric acid from sodium chloride andsulphuric acid or sodium hydrogen sulphate the steps of grinding andbeating the reaction materials in a heatedv vessel by rapidly movingmetal parts and keeping said vessel free from caking of the lmaterial byslowly -moving metal parts.

` 2. In the process of producin sodium sulphate and hydrochloric acidronr sodium acid and sodlum hydrogen sulphate and of producing sodiumhydrogen sulphate and hydrochloric acid from'sodium chloride andsulphuric acid,- the steps of grinding and beating the reactionmaterialsin a heated vessel by rapidly moving metal parts and of keeping saidvessel free from caking by the materials therein contained by slowlymoving metal parts.

`inished product by a dam, partially restricting the reaction Vessel atthe outlet end.

4. In the process of producing sodium sulphate and hydrochloric acidfrom sodium acid and sodium hydrogen sulphate and of `producing sodiumhydrogen sulphate' and hydrochloric acid from sodium chloride andsulphuric acid, the steps of grinding and beating the reaction materialsin a vessel.l

heated to from 200 to 800 de rees -C.'by rapidly moving metal parts, ofeeping the vessel free from caking by the materials `contained thereinby slowly moving metal parts and retarding the too rapidly passing outof the finished products by a suitable dam, partially restricting thereaction vessel at the `outlet end.

In testimony HERMAN B. KIPPER.

whereof I afliX my signature.

